- Dry run: Simulation phase that discovers which on-chain keys are needed. See Pipeline stages.
- Fetcher: Stage that collects cryptographic proofs for discovered keys. See Pipeline stages.
- Sound run: Offline verification and execution stage. See Pipeline stages.
- Memorizer: Cairo0 dictionary-based storage for verified data. See State management.
- MMR: Merkle Mountain Range accumulator for block headers. See Verification model.
- MPT: Merkle Patricia Trie used for Ethereum state proofs. See Verification model.
- Task hash: Unique identifier for a computation. See Output model.
- Output root: Merkle root of computed results. See Output model.
- Injected state: Custom persistent state backed by a Patricia trie. See State management and State Server.
- Unconstrained data: Data validated by hash instead of inclusion proof.
- STWO: STARK proving path supported by HDP tooling. See Proving with STWO.
- Bootloader: Cairo0 program that executes compiled Cairo1 modules.

